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Policy Studies

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  • Examining an Alaska pension reform counterfactual
    Examining an Alaska pension reform counterfactual

    A look at what would have happened to the Public Employee Retirement System and Teacher Retirement System if proposed pension reforms from 2021 had been enacted.

    Backgrounder by Ryan Frost and Leonard Gilroy April 17, 2023

  • State taxpayers’ share of MPSERS debt would increase under various proposals
    State taxpayers’ share of MPSERS debt would increase under various proposals

    The first 20.96% of each year’s unfunded accrued liability contribution is currently paid by local school districts, and any amount required above that is paid by the state.

    Backgrounder by Ryan Frost June 19, 2024

  • House Bill 78 exposes Alaska to significant additional costs
    House Bill 78 exposes Alaska to significant additional costs

    This bill could realistically add $11.4 billion in additional costs to future state budgets and reintroduce Alaska to significant pension risk.

    Backgrounder by Ryan Frost and Zachary Christensen February 25, 2025

  • Defined Benefit Plans: Best Practices in Incorporating Risk Sharing
    Defined Benefit Plans: Best Practices in Incorporating Risk Sharing

    Public pension risk sharing can increase plan solvency, provide better accountability, and lessen the burden that unfunded liabilities have on taxpayers.

    Policy Brief by Ryan Frost December 2, 2020

  • Best practices in hybrid retirement plan design
    Best practices in hybrid retirement plan design

    The recent shift toward offering hybrid plans to newly hired government employees suggests that governmental employers may be changing their perceptions of the balance of financial risk between employees and employers.

    Policy Brief by Ryan Frost September 20, 2022

  • Annual pension solvency and performance report
    Annual pension solvency and performance report

    At the end of the 2023 fiscal year, the nation's public pension systems had $1.59 trillion in total unfunded liabilities.

    Policy Study by Ryan Frost, Mariana Trujillo, Truong Bui, Jordan Campbell and Steve Vu September 30, 2024

  • Report: State and local pension plans have $1.48 trillion in debt
    Report: State and local pension plans have $1.48 trillion in debt

    State pension systems have $1.29 trillion in unfunded liabilities, and local governments have $187 billion.

    Policy Study by Ryan Frost, Mariana Trujillo, Jordan Campbell, Truong Bui and Steve Vu October 30, 2025

  • Consumer Surplus in the FDA’s Tobacco Regulations
    Consumer Surplus in the FDA’s Tobacco Regulations

    The forthcoming cost-benefit analyses of the FDA’s proposals for nicotine reduction in tobacco and for banning flavors in e-cigarettes must follow standard economic methodology and not assume away part of the consumer surplus.

    Policy Study by Pierre Lemieux June 27, 2019

  • Public Health Models and Related Government Interventions: A Primer
    Public Health Models and Related Government Interventions: A Primer

    What are the main concepts and models of public health? To which extent do public health considerations require government intervention?

    Policy Study by Pierre Lemieux March 22, 2021

  • Best Practices for Providing Education Funding for Economically Disadvantaged Students
    Best Practices for Providing Education Funding for Economically Disadvantaged Students

    This report examines federal education funding for student poverty and how state education finance systems can best fund students.

    Policy Brief by Satya Marar August 11, 2020

  • The Challenges Facing the Florida Retirement System Explained
    The Challenges Facing the Florida Retirement System Explained

    Why Florida's pension debt is rapidly growing, how public pensions are really funded, the ways Florida is failing to provide retirement security to workers, and more.

    Backgrounder by Pension Integrity Project March 11, 2021

  • Improving the Florida Retirement System’s Investment Plan through increased contributions
    Improving the Florida Retirement System’s Investment Plan through increased contributions

    The combined 6.3% rate fails to meet private industry minimum standards and places Florida at the bottom of states that offer a defined contribution retirement plan option as a primary source of retirement income.

    Backgrounder by Pension Integrity Project January 12, 2022

  • Reviewing changes to Alaska’s Public Employees’ Retirement System
    Reviewing changes to Alaska’s Public Employees’ Retirement System

    Backgrounder by Pension Integrity Project January 31, 2022

  • Examining the Teachers Retirement System of Texas after the pension reforms of 2019
    Examining the Teachers Retirement System of Texas after the pension reforms of 2019

    Senate Bill 12 of 2019 made reforms, but TRS contributions will likely be insufficient because the pension plan is using outdated economic assumptions.

    Backgrounder by Leonard Gilroy and Steven Gassenberger June 3, 2022

  • Steps to protect public finance from ESG activism
    Steps to protect public finance from ESG activism

    Public pension systems are particularly exposed to the risks associated with ESG and politically-driven investing strategies.

    Backgrounder by Pension Integrity Project November 18, 2022

  • Examining the pension reform benefits of North Dakota House Bill 1040
    Examining the pension reform benefits of North Dakota House Bill 1040

    HB 1040 would shift NDPERS to an actuarially sound method of funding, ensuring the state can deliver on its promises to members and retirees.

    Backgrounder by Ryan Frost and Leonard Gilroy January 24, 2023

  • Does the defined contribution plan in North Dakota’s HB 1040 meet gold standards?
    Does the defined contribution plan in North Dakota’s HB 1040 meet gold standards?

    Examining the the proposed contribution rate, portability, enrollment options and other retirement plan features in North Dakota's House Bill 1040.

    Backgrounder by Ryan Frost January 24, 2023

  • The costs and risks of proposed public retirement changes in Alaska
    The costs and risks of proposed public retirement changes in Alaska

    Examining several pieces of proposed legislation impacted public pensions in Alaska.

    Backgrounder by Pension Integrity Project April 17, 2023

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